Aquaponics
Definition of Aquaponics
Aquaponics is a sustainable food production system that combines aquaculture (raising fish or other aquatic animals) with hydroponics (soilless plant cultivation) in a closed-loop ecosystem. In this system, fish waste provides nutrients for plants, while plants naturally filter and purify the water for the fish.
By integrating these two systems, aquaponics maximises resource efficiency, reduces water use, and allows for simultaneous production of protein and vegetables in controlled or urban environments.
Why Aquaponics Matters
Aquaponics matters because it offers a highly efficient and environmentally responsible approach to food production. Key benefits include:
Water efficiency – Uses up to 90% less water than traditional soil-based farming
Dual output – Produces both fish and vegetables, enhancing food security
Reduced chemical inputs – Plants filter water, limiting the need for fertilizers
Urban and controlled-environment adaptability – Can be implemented in cities, greenhouses, and areas with limited arable land
Sustainable resource cycles – Integrates nutrient recycling and reduces pollution
As global populations grow and pressure on land and freshwater increases, aquaponics provides a resilient, compact, and sustainable solution for food production.
Key Principles of Aquaponics
Nutrient Cycling – Fish excreta supply essential nutrients for plant growth
Water Recirculation – Continuous reuse of water between fish and plant systems
Balanced Ecosystem Management – Maintaining optimal conditions for both fish and plants
Species Selection – Choosing compatible fish and plant species for the system
Disease and Biosecurity Control – Monitoring water quality to prevent disease outbreaks
Sustainability Focus – Minimising energy, water, and chemical use
Scalability and Adaptability – From small home systems to commercial production
Related Terms
Water Stewardship
Useful Resources on Aquaponics
Explore these authoritative resources to learn more about aquaponics systems, design, and sustainable production:
FAO – Aquaponics and Integrated Farming Systems – Guidance on sustainable aquaponics practices and productivity.
USDA – Aquaponics Research and Education – Technical support, research, and best practices for aquaponics.
Aquaponics Association – International network of aquaponics practitioners, research, and industry updates.
Our World in Data – Aquaculture and Urban Farming – Data on integrated food production systems including aquaponics.
AGRIS – Aquaponics Research Database – Peer-reviewed studies on fish–plant production systems.
University of Arizona – Aquaponics Research Program – Academic research on system design, species compatibility, and water management.
CABI – Aquaponics and Hydroponics Resources – Technical guidance on sustainable aquaponics practices.
Greenhouse Grower – Aquaponics Insights– Practical advice for commercial and controlled-environment systems.
Ellen MacArthur Foundation – Circular Food Systems – Insights on closed-loop, resource-efficient food production including aquaponics.
The Aquaponics Association - Expanding the Practice of Aquaponics through Education, Advocacy, and Connection.
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